All professional or amateur athletes sustain different kinds of acute or overused injuries, which vary with sports events. Biomechanics plays the key role in determining risk factors and elucidating injury mechanisms for sports injuries. Three kinds of research methods, experimental test, modeling and computer simulation and statistical simulation, are generally used in biomechanical studies of sports injuries. This paper firstly reviews the epidemiology of sports injuries, and then comprehensively summarizes the related researches on injury biomechanics, in purpose of providing theoretical basis for studies on sports injury biomechanics, prevention of sports injuries, and clinical treatments and rehabilitation.