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    • Biomechanical Effect of Salto Tibial Components of Different Heights on Bone-prosthesis Interface after Total Ankle Replacement
    Shengyu 无 Pan , da Lu , Yangyang Xu , Yong Wu , Le Zhang , Xueqing Wu , Hui Du , Liangpeng Lai , Baoqing Pei
    Adopted date: November 20,2024
    [Abstract](6) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of Salto Talaris tibial components of different heights at the bone-prosthesis interface during different gait support phases after total ankle replacement. METHODS: An ankle joint model was reconstructed using a weight-bearing CT of a 61-year-old female patient with ankle arthritis, and Salto Talaris tibial components of different heights (5-11 mm) were modelled to simulate the loading of the tibial-prosthesis during four gait support phases, and to analyse the micromotion and stresses at the bone-prosthesis interface. RESULTS: The peak micromotion values of the 11 mm and 9 mm models exceeded 50 μm, and the peak internal the tibial stresses were 30.75 MPa and 29.86 MPa, respectively. The average peak micromotion values of the 7 mm and 5 mm models were only 42.66 μm and 40.32 μm, and at the same time, the tibial stresses were within 15 MPa, and the 5 mm model had the smallest stress shielding effect. Conclusions: The 11 mm and 9 mm models demonstrated poorer prosthesis stability and more significant internal tibial stress shielding, with peak stresses exceeding the cancellous bone yield stress and higher risk of bone damage; the 7 mm and 5 mm models had tibial stresses within a reasonable range, with better load transfer, while the 5 mm model had the lowest micromotion and the best initial prosthesis stability in comparison. The Salto Talaris prosthesis should be used for total ankle replacement with the appropriate tibial component height, with 5 mm being the optimal height, and excessive flexion and extension of the ankle joint should be avoided to maintain the stability of the prosthesis after surgery.
    Biomechanical Analysis and Structural Optimization of 3D-Printed Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK) Static Wrist Orthosis
    QIU Ziyan , ZHU Lingfeng , ZHANG Heran , YIN Wencheng , TANG Lei , ZOU Dongming , CHEN Binling , WANG Ling
    Adopted date: November 20,2024
    [Abstract](3) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Objective In response to the clinical needs for personalized wrist orthoses, a topological optimization design method is proposed to achieve an integrated macro- and micro-structural optimization of a personalized, lightweight, and comfortable wrist orthosis. Methods A finite element analysis model of the wrist orthosis and the upper limb's biomechanical environment was established to quantify the effects of the orthosis geometry on fixation performance and comfort during daily activities. A multi-condition topological optimization and microstructure design approach was employed to optimize the non-load-bearing areas of the orthosis. The orthosis was manufactured using 3D-printed polyetheretherketone, and the design's feasibility was validated. Results While maintaining mechanical strength, the weight of the 3D-printed PEEK orthosis was reduced by 28% compared to traditional orthoses. Both the pressure values at the skin-contact interface and the results of a subjective questionnaire indicated that test subjects experienced a high level of comfort wearing the orthosis. Conclusions The orthosis design achieved personalization, lightweight structure, and high comfort while ensuring mechanical strength and fixation performance.
    Effects of advanced glycation end products and their receptor on osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus
    SHI Peipei , GONG He
    Adopted date: November 20,2024
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    Abstract:
    Osteoporosis caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increased the risk of fracture and post-fracture mortality. However, the pathogenesis of the disease remains unclear, resulting in a lack of effective strategies for its prevention and treatment. In this review, firstly, the effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) produced by non-enzymatic glycation on bone matrix composition, bone structure, and mechanical properties of T2DM were summarized. Then, the biological mechanism of AGEs and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) affecting bone degeneration in T2DM was clarified. Finally, antidiabetic and other drugs that were beneficial to bone anabolism were discussed. These drugs positively affect bone quality through inhibiting AGE/RAGE signaling pathway. Accordingly, it is expected to provide potential intervention targets and ideas for the prevention and treatment of T2DM-related osteoporosis.c
    Effect of ACL reconstruction in the dominant or nondominant limb on lower limb function and mechanics during single-leg jump landing
    XUE Boshi , YANG Xiaowei , WANG Xia , ZHOU Zhipeng , ZHENG Liangliang
    Adopted date: November 20,2024
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    Abstract:
    Objective To determine the effect of limb dominance on landing biomechanics and lower limb functional outcomes in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Methods Forty-nine participants were recruited and divided into the ACLR on dominant limb (ACLR-D) group, ACLR on nondominant limb (ACLR-ND) group and healthy control group. Single-leg jump landing, knee isometric muscle strength, Y balance, and single-leg hop for distance tests were performed on both limbs of all participants. Kinematics and kinetics data during the single-leg jump landing were collected by an infrared motion capture system and a force platform, and knee joint muscle strength was collected using the IsoMed2000 isokinetic muscle strength testing system. Two-way mixed-design ANOVAs were used to observe the effects of limb and group on the outcomes of each test. Results The non-surgical limbs had greater knee valgus (3.8±1.8°vs 1.7±1.3°), knee external rotation angles (4.8±2.3°vs 1.2±1.8°) and knee valgus moments (0.11±0.18 Nm/kg vs 0.08±0.22 Nm/kg) in single-leg jump landing in the ACLR-D group compared with the ACLR-ND group, and the bilateral knee flexion angles were significantly smaller in the ACLR-D group than in the control group (non-surgical limb: 12.7±6.1°vs 17.2±9.0°, surgical limb: 11.4±7.3°vs 18.0±6.5°). There were no differences in knee muscle strength, Y-balance composite scores and single-leg hop distance between ACLR-D and ACLR-ND groups, but the Y balance scores in ACLR-ND group were smaller than those in the control group (non-surgical limb: 92.8±8.5% vs 97.8±6.6%, surgical limb: 89.9±4.8% vs 98.1±6.3%). Conclusions Limb dominance has no effect on knee muscle strength, dynamic postural control, and single-leg hop function in ACLR patients. The non-surgical limbs of ACLR-D patients are at a higher risk of ACL injury due to the presence of more abnormal landing movement patterns.
    Hemodynamic simulation on patient-specific intracranial aneurysms using physics-informed neural network
    Wen Zhang , Tianxin Shi , Shiyao Chen , Yunzhang Cheng , Nan Lyu , Mingwei Zhang
    Adopted date: November 20,2024
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    Abstract:
    Objective To use a physics-informed neural network (PINN)-based model to predict hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms and address the long simulation time and high computational cost of traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Methods The PINN model was trained using only the computational domain coordinates and sparse velocity measurement points from CFD data of clinical patients. The predicted blood flow velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress (WSS) from the PINN model were compared with CFD simulation results. Results The proposed method was tested and validated on data from four different patients. For velocity prediction, the average mean absolute error (average MAE) was 4.60%, the average mean relative error (average MRE) was 6.61%, and the average mean squared error (average MSE) was 0.229%. For WSS prediction, the average MAE was 5.54%, the average MRE was 8.58%, and the average MSE was 0.510%. The PINN model demonstrates good generalization capability across different aneurysm models and can reduce the computation time of hemodynamics from several hours to just a few seconds. Conclusions The PINN model can effectively compensate for incomplete measurement data through physical constraints, even when boundary conditions are unknown and measurement data are sparse. It can rapidly and accurately simulate the hemodynamics of intracranial aneurysms. This method has the potential to provide effective support for clinical risk prediction in intracranial aneurysms.
    Effect of knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity on ankle cartilage degeneration in mice
    Yang Fanlei , Feng Wei , Du Yan , Cai Wenbin , Luo Zongping , Chen Zhi , Xu Hao , Yu Jia
    Adopted date: November 20,2024
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    Abstract:
    Objective The mechanism and severity of ankle cartilage degeneration caused by knee osteoarthritis remain unknown. It is proposed to establish two models of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and chronic ankle instability (CAI) in mice, and compare the effects of knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity and CAI on ipsilateral ankle cartilage degeneration. Method Thirty 6-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into a control group and two surgical groups which were induced to develop knee and ankle osteoarthritis, respectively. The progression of ankle joint degeneration was quantitatively evaluated through behavioral observation, imaging techniques and histopathology analysis in each group of mice over a 12-week period. Result A decline was observed in gait stability and balance of the surgical groups. Compared to the control group, a 23.20% increase in the time required to cross the balance beam and a 43.26% rise in the number of slips at 12 weeks postoperatively in the DMM group were found. Meanwhile, increases were also observed in ankle bone volume fraction and bone mineral density over time. These changes included wear and tear of the ankle cartilage, with the formation of osteophytes, and 88.89% increase in OARSI score. These changes in ankle joint were more pronounced in the CAI group. Conclusion A study of mouse model revealed a coupling relationship between the knee and ankle motion. Knee osteoarthritis with varus deformity could lead to a significant ankle joint degeneration while the damage was less severe than that observed in CAI.
    Biomechanics of Rocking-chair Archwire in En-masse Retraction of Maxillary Anterior Teeth
    HU Jiaying , LIU Jiali , LIN Zhen , GUO Jinquan , SHI Xie , SU Jiehua
    Adopted date: November 15,2024
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    Abstract:
    Objective: To establish a simplified parameterized finite element simulation method ofRCA, explore the effect of RCA during anterior teeth retraction with sliding mechanics, and provide guidance for clinical treatment. Methods: A standard labial archwire of 0.019×0.025 inch was imported into ANSYS software and preloaded spring was used to simulate different angles of RCA to achieve parameterized modeling. A three-dimensional finite element model with labial straight wire appliance, teeth, periodontium and maxillary bone was established to analyze the moving pattern and force system of anterior/posterior teeth under 1.5 N intra-arch traction combined with different angle of the RCA. Results: (1) Preloading forces of 1.5N, 3N, 4.5N, and 6N in spring induced angle of approximately 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20° for RCA, demonstrating the flexibility and convenience of the parameterized modeling method. (2) During intra-arch traction with plain archwire, anterior teeth exhibited lingual crown tipping with extrusion tendency; as the angle of RCA increased, lingual crown displacement of middle incisor gradually decreased, while lateral incisor and canine showed decreased crown tipping and increased lingual root displacement; when the RCA angle was 20°, lateral incisor and canine achieved almost bodily retraction. (3) With the increase in rocking-chair angle, premolars showed extrusion tendency, while molars demonstrated distal crown tipping and intrusion tendency. (4) As the RCA angle increased from 0 °to 20°, intrusive force on the anterior teeth increased, and the M/F ratio decreased from 9.75 to 0.95, theoretically has the potential to achieve almost En-masse retraction of anterior teeth. Conclusion: RCA helps to control moving pattern of maxillary anterior teeth and prevent their over-erection and extrusion during sliding mechanics. The 20° RCA on rigid archwire during intraoral traction gains well torque control of anterior teeth and can achieve their En mass retraction.
    A Three-Dimensional Motion Measurement Technique for the Knee Joint Based on Biplane High-Speed Photography
    WANG Jianping , ZHANG Jun , WANG Yanqing , LI Qiang , WANG Jinwu , ZHAO Dongdong , ZENG Xi , HU Hai
    Adopted date: November 15,2024
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    Abstract:
    Objective To measure the three-dimensional motion of the knee joint in healthy individuals and patients after TKA (Total Knee Arthroplasty). Method This study combines biplane high-speed photography with the theory of human knee joint motion analysis to propose a kinematic measurement technique for the knee joint based on biplane high-speed photography. Results The results indicate that at the flexion angle of the femur relative to the tibia, the peak value of the artificial knee joint is lower than that of the natural knee joint. However, in terms of abduction, external rotation, lateral displacement, and posterior displacement, the peak values for the artificial knee joint are 14.8°, 22.3°, 12mm, and 15.7mm, respectively, which are greater than the natural knee joint""s 6°, 10°, 3mm, and 11mm. Additionally, in terms of proximal and distal movement, the artificial knee joint moves towards the proximal end, while the natural knee joint moves in the opposite direction, with the peak value for the artificial knee joint being 12.6mm, greater than the natural knee joint""s 3.5mm. Conclusion By comparing the kinematic parameters of the knee joint and comparing different measurement techniques, it can be seen that biplane high-speed radiography technology is effective in the measurement of knee joint kinematics and can provide technical support for in vivo measurement of three-dimensional knee motion.
    Expert consensus on the technical process for preoperative three-dimensional planning of total hip arthroplasty using a dual fluoroscopic imaging system (2024 version)
    Cao Li , Tsai Tsung-Yuan , Chen Yunsu , Feng Eryou , Guan Zhenpeng , Hou Zhiyong , HUANG WEI , Lei Pengfei , Li Chunbao , Li Huiwu , Li Pingyue , Li Xiaoming , Rao Zhitao , Tian Hua , Tong Peijian , Wang Fei , Wang Guangji , Wang Juan , Wang Kunzheng , Wang Liao , Wang Wei , Xia Yayi , Xu Peng , Yang Pei , Yao Qi , Yu Tengbo , Zhang Guoqiang , ZHOU ZONGKE
    Adopted date: November 13,2024
    [Abstract](12) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective treatment for elderly femoral neck fractures, mid- to late-stage femoral head necrosis, and end-stage hip osteoarthritis. However, serious complications such as aseptic loosening of the prosthesis, peripheral fractures, and dislocation of the prosthesis still exist following THA, which makes the selection of the appropriate hip prosthesis type and placement position before THA an important challenge for surgeons. Currently, the commonly used preoperative planning methods for THA mainly rely on static images from 2D X-ray or 3D CT, which fail to adequately consider the hip joint in weight-bearing as well as motion, lumbar-hip joint changes, and prosthetic impingement during motion. Recently, the dual fluoroscopic imaging system, as a new in-vivo, dynamic radiological imaging technology, provides comprehensive and accurate dynamic three-dimensional data for THA preoperative planning. However, the technical process and expert consensus on preoperative three-dimensional planning of total hip arthroplasty using a dual fluoroscopic imaging system have not yet been established, which affects the promotion and application of this technology. In light of the above, national orthopaedic experts and related professional representatives discussed and proposed seven consensus issues, and the ‘expert recommendation rate’ and ‘strong recommendation rate’ were obtained through a questionnaire survey on the recommendations of the participating experts. The consensus aims to provide guidance and reference for the standardised application of preoperative three-dimensional planning of total hip arthroplasty using a dual fluoroscopic imaging system.
    Effect of Different Midsole Materials in Weightlifting Shoes on the Mechanical Response Characteristics of Athletes' Feet During the Snatch Force Generation Phase
    DENG Cheng , ZHU Xiaolan , ZHENG Zhiyi
    Adopted date: November 13,2024
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    Abstract:
    Objective To develop a foot-weightlifting shoe coupling model to explore how changes in midsole materials influence the biomechanics of the foot during the force generation phase of the snatch. The goal is to optimize key parameters of weightlifting shoe design to reduce the risk of foot and ankle injuries in athletes. Methods A finite element model of the foot-weightlifting shoe system was constructed and simulated using finite element analysis (FEA). Biomechanical methods were used to collect kinematic and kinetic data from the snatch movement, and statistical analysis was employed to validate the model's accuracy. Comparative analyses were then conducted to assess the effects of different midsole materials on plantar stress distribution, skeletal stress, soft tissue stress, and midsole strain during the force generation phase. Results When the Young's modulus of the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) midsole was set to 20 MPa, the peak plantar stress on the athlete's foot was minimized. However, as the Young's modulus of the TPU midsole increased, the peak plantar stress also rose. Skeletal stress was primarily concentrated in the third, fourth, and fifth metatarsals, with a peak stress observed at the fourth metatarsal. Additionally, increasing the midsole's Young's modulus led to a decrease in peak stress in the metatarsal region, an increase in peak soft tissue stress, and a reduction in midsole strain. Conclusions Midsole materials with moderate hardness, specifically a Young's modulus of 20-25 MPa, show advantages in reducing plantar pressure and preventing bone injuries in the foot and ankle.