Abstract:在阐述生物力学和生物工程定义和范畴、回顾生物力学的近代发展史基础上，对中国骨科生物力学今后的研究方向、发展目标及其前景作了预测。作者认为，要在医疗卫生事业上取得重要突破，需要生命科学家和工程师的精诚合作。因此，随着医疗卫生事业的进步，生物医学工程的发展前景将比以往更为灿烂。

Abstract:This study was undertaken to investigate the viscoelastic properties of the human thoracolumbar spine. Uniaxial tensile failure tests were performed on two groups of specimens obtained from 18 individuals 40-85 years old. These groups of specimens were selected as related to anatomical fiber orientation, i. e. caudomedially and caudolaterally.The biomechanical properties of the specimens were determined at five different strain rates of 0. 1, 0. 25, 1.3, and 4 sec-1. The maximum stress, strain at rupture, and Young modulus were obtained for each group. The results show that there is no significant difference between both anatomical orientations for all the biomechanical parameters.However, the maximum stress, strain at rupture and Young modulus were found to increase with increasing strain rates(up to 3 sec-1). At higher levels, the strain at rupture and the modulus become constants suggesting an upper limit.

Abstract:Based on the B-Spline theory,this paper present a new kind of multi-scale wavelet transform. The feature of a signal can be extracted in its maximum module or zero-crossing. This paper gives out its fast algorithm in decomposition and reconstruction,response in time and frequency fied. We also verify the 3-level B-Spline wavelet transfornm being asymptotically optimum in the practical application such as feature extraction.

Abstract:The shock absorptive capacity of the menisci of the knee joint may be of importance for the development of degenerative osteoarthrosis. To evaluate the shock absorptive capacity of them, dynamic contact pressure of the tibiofemoral joint was measured under various cyclic loading using micro-transistor pressure transducers.Following meniscectomy, the contact pressures acting on the tibial plateau, rising quickly with time, took significantly shorter time to reach the point of saturation and showed remarkably higher values than the pressures acting on the same area before meniscectomy. It means that without the menisci, strong and rapid direct contact between the femur condyle and the tibial plateau occurs, and that the menisci have shock absorptive and load transmitting function.

Abstract:Endemic fluorosis is a chronic disease which is caused by high intake of fluoride. Xingjing county, in Sichuan province is an area that has been believed to be endemic for fluorosis included by burning coal in which fluoride content is very high. The results of histomorphometric study showed that in some pigs, there is osteosclerosis characterized by the increased trabeculae volume while in the others, osteoporosis was found with decreased number of trabeculae and disconnected trabeculae. The observation is thought to be related to the concentration of fluoride in bone.

Abstract:Using a high speed video and computer system, the baseball pitching motion of shoulder was analyzed with in Nobuhara Hospital. The data cames out as three dimensional motion characters, motion angle, speed and position translation. The result shows the shoulder works as both the fulcrum and connecting point of pitching arm. During the pitching motion, the resistance force, weight of the pitching arm and the contraction force of muscles set up a combination force along the pivot of the humerus. All the forces passing through the glenohumeral joint become stress and shearing force working at the shoulder structure, which depending on the contacting angle of the humeral pivot and glenoid surface. During the accelecration phase the pitching arm seems as a third class lever system. The elbow extension will elongate the resistance arm of this lever and add an extraforce to the shoulder. The tension force will become bigger on the anterior and Posterior part of shoulder, if the motion plan of the shoulder flexion moved horizontally.

Abstract:Bony tissue of an average of 13.61% of the original length was resected from the middle part of the tibia shaft in 18 adult goats. Then the ostcotomized ends were compressively fixed with the sulcared half-ring external fixator.Simultaneouly, upper metaphysiotomy to lengthen the tibia with a rate of 1.0mm/d and an average lengthening rate of 20.21% of the original length in tibia was performed. The restoration of the blood circulation and hemodynamic changes during the repair process of the lengthened area and the compressively fixed bone ends were studied with roentgenography, microvascular cast observed with scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and radioactivc microsphere measurement of regional blood flow. It was found that the time of lengthening cessation there were abundant vascular networks in the lengthened zone and paralleled to the long axis of the bone. No vascular int erruption or vessel deficient arca was seen. Thesc facts show that the newly-growing vessels in the lengthened area have the same rate of the lengthening on the condition of 1.0mm/d and were gradually converted into the Haversian system of the newly formed cortex of the lengthened area. In the 2nd week after lengthening cesseation, the vessels of the cortex of the osteotomy shortening ends could grow across the space and could anastomose with each other. The primary healing could bc observed under the well-reduction and stable compressive external fixation. The results showed that the treatment of the tibia shaft shortening ends by compressive external fixation with bony lengthening simultaneously could not obviously affect the restoration of the blood supply.

Abstract:There is still no proper method to measure the loading on legs of an animal.Walking trace analysis is used as a quantitative method in this study. Ten rats having their left calcaneal tendons transected were used. The feet of rats were dipped in the developing fluid, and let them crawl over the film to get the foot prints. The foot prints were then measured to evaluate the loading of the hind legs. The results showed that the foot prints of the operated left hind legs were smaller than the opposite ones. The rate of the foot print area of the two sides(Sr) was calculated and showed siguificant difference(P<0.01) for a rather long period and gradually approaching the value 1, as the operated leg healed up as time goes on. Hence we conclude that walking trace analysis can evaluate the loading of animal leg representing the actual condition.