As the largest and most complex joint in the human body, knee also could maintain body stability to avoiding cushioning shock, except for the movement of each articular surface, thence it has always been the part with the highest incidence in sports. Knee injuries often happens in protective and stability parts,like ligaments and cartilage, and most injuries caused by impact or rapid twisting during moving. Currently, the research of knee injuries mainly focus on the damaged sites and treatments, the reasons and symptoms of sexual dimorphism are barely discussing. Through searching CNKI, WANFANG Data, and Pub Med databases were searched from 2000 to 2024, the English search terms were "knee, gender, sex-difference, injury, anterior cruciate ligament, osteoarthritis", etc. The Chinese search terms were "knee, gender differences, injury, anterior cruciate ligament, osteoarthritis", etc., and the 50 selected articles were summarized. We found females’ condyles surrounding the knee joint are narrower, the bone mineral loss rapidly and lower quality of surrounding soft tissues, leading to a higher degree of joint wear during physical activity than males. Due to genetic and metabolic differences, added with fluctuations in sex hormone levels, so females have poorer cellular proliferation and differentiation, which results in greater fatigue during exercise and relative joint instability.Women tend to rely on compensation to make up for muscle strength, resulting in a greater adduction moment at the knee joint and an increased risk of joint injury. Different sports have varying demands on joint function; in high-energy sports, such as basketball and volleyball, the likelihood of joint injuries in females is significantly higher than in males.