The effect of active muscle action on neck injuries under high Gx loading
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Abstract:
In order to study the effect of active muscle response on the mechanical response and injury of the human neck under high Gx loading, a refined finite element model of the head and neck with active muscle force response was established and validated based on existing post-crash volunteer experiments. The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the volunteer experiments, indicating that the model can be used for the study of human neck injury under high G loads. The effects of active muscle action on the kinematic and biomechanical responses of the neck under different G loads and pitch angles were investigated using the model. The results showed that the active muscle action under high Gx loading caused the neck to show better stability, and the stress distribution of the vertebrae was dispersed from a centralized distribution from C4 to C7 to the whole vertebrae. The active muscle action made the stress change smaller, and the effect was significant in the case of 8G acceleration, which reduced the peak vertebral bone stress by 40.9% and 13.1%, and the peak intervertebral disc stress by 42.3% and 63.4% in the 8G and 10G conditions, respectively. Under different pitching angles, the active muscle effect is more obvious in the backward posture compared with the forward leaning and sitting posture, and the backward posture can effectively reduce neck injury, which can provide a reference for the subsequent research on neck injury.
