Objective The progressive loading process of implants was simulated, and the influence of progressive loading methods on peri-implant bone reconstruction was evaluated. Methods Using finite element analysis combined with the ANSYS parametric design language (APDL), the average bone density of the peri-implant regions was observed using conventional loading (control group) and progressive loading (experimental group) within six months of implant placement. The biomechanical effects of bone tissues in a 1 mm3 region of interest (ROI) around the implant and variations in bone density were observed. Results Within six months after implantation, the cortical bone density of the control group decreased by 0.19 g/cm3, whereas that of the experimental group decreased by 0.15 g/cm3. The trabecular bone density of each area in the experimental group increased by 0.4 g/cm3 compared with that in the control group. The bone density in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group. The increase in cancellous bone in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group. The finite element analysis revealed that the equivalent stress distribution range and maximum value of the experimental group (8.9 MPa) were significantly higher than those of the control group (6.68 MPa). Conclusions The use of the progressive loading method within six months after implantation was conducive to the distribution of stress on the bone tissues around the implant. This reduced the variation in bone density at the edge of the implant. The peri-implant bone density increased more under progressive loading than under conventional loading. The effect is superior to that of the conventional loading method.