Blood is an important component of living organism which is responsible for material transportation. The microenvironment of blood flow plays an important role in physiological and pathological processes like angiogenesis and cardiac development, erythrocytes aggregation and blood viscosity, tumor metastasis and arteriosclerosis. Besides, micro-fluid environment significantly affects drug delivery, cell screening, and artificial organ design. Thus, the measurement and quantitative analysis of micro-fluid contribute to the biomedical engineering filed. Micro-PIV combines conventional particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) and microscopy technique to successfully measure the velocity profile in micro fluid in the way of analyzing two group of images at different time interval by correlation method. Comparing with other velocity measurement methods, Micro-PIV has high temporal resolution and spatial resolution. In this paper, we introduced the main setup of Micro-PIV and its principle analysis method. Recent studies of Micro-PIV applications in biomedical engineering field were then reviewed. Moreover, the drawbacks and future applications of Micro-PIV technique were discussed.