Objective To analyze the energy-absorption characteristics for four mesomechanical models of the cancellous bone at different locations with different mechanical properties. Methods Under one-way shocks, the finite element method was used to calculate the energy absorption characteristics of the four models. Results According to the energy absorption rate of four models, the model with prismatic structure was found to be an ideal energy absorption model. The buckling and extension analysis was further carried out to comprehensively study mechanical properties of the model with prismatic structure, showing that its first-order buckling load was 248.11 Mpa with little influence on the adjacent pixels. Conclusions Four mesomechanical models of the cancellous bone at different locations can be used as the mesomechanical model for energy absorption materials according to different mechanical properties, particularly as the mesomechanical model for the energy absorption sandwich composite material.