半蹲式跳伞着陆时最佳负重重心位置评估
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国家自然科学基金优青基金项目(11822201),高等学校学科创新引智计划(B13003)


Evaluation of Optimal Gravity Center Position of Backpack in Half-Squat Parachuting Landing
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    摘要:

    目的 通过跳伞着陆模拟实验分析负重重心位置对下肢关节运动的影响,进行损伤评估。方法 招募7名受试者进行负重跳伞着陆模拟实验,负重重心位置分别为背部下侧(位置1)、背部上侧(位置2)、腹部(位置3)。结果 负重重心在位置2处的垂直地面反作用力峰值显著小于(P<0.05)负重重心在位置1处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节矢状面关节力矩显著大于负重重心在位置1、3处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节吸收能量显著大于负重重心在位置1处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节矢状面角位移显著大于负重重心在位置1处,显著小于负重重心在位置3处;负重重心在位置2处髋关节矢状面角速度显著小于负重重心在位置3处。结论 不同的负重重心位置能够显著影响髋关节的动力学和运动学参数,负重重心在背部上侧处能够降低下肢损伤风险。研究结果可以为跳伞者背包负重重心位置评估、减少跳伞着陆损伤提供依据。

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    Objective To study effects of backpack gravity center position on kinetics and kinematics of lower-extremity joints in parachuting landing and evaluate the injuries. Methods Seven participants performed parachuting landing with backpack gravity center on three positions: low-back (position 1), upper-back (position 2) and abdomen (position 3). Results The peak vertical ground reaction force (GRF) with backpack on position 2 was significantly lower than that on position 1. The joint moment on sagittal plane of the hip with backpack on position 2 was significantly higher than that on position 1 and position 3. The joint energy absorption of the hip with backpack on position 2 was significantly higher than that on position 1. The angular displacement of the hip on sagittal plane with backpack on position 2 was significantly higher than that on position 1 and was significantly lower than that on position 3. The angular velocity of the hip on sagittal plane with backpack on position 2 was significantly lower than that on position 3. Conclusions Different positions of backpack gravity center could significantly influence kinetic and kinematic parameters of the hip. Backpack gravity center on upper-back position could decrease the lower-extremity injuries. The results can provide evidences for evaluating backpack gravity center and decreasing injuries in parachuting landing.

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江天云,田山,陈天鸿,罗陈宇,樊星雨,姚杰,王丽珍.半蹲式跳伞着陆时最佳负重重心位置评估[J].医用生物力学,2021,36(6):945-950

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  • 收稿日期:2021-01-01
  • 最后修改日期:2021-01-29
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-12-23
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