老年男性和年轻男性行走时足底动力学特征差异
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天津哲学社会科学规划课题重点项目(TJTY19-002)


Comparison of the Characteristics of Plantar Kinetics in Older and Young Male Adults during Walking
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    摘要:

    目的 比较老年男性和年轻男性在行走时足底动力学特征的差异,探讨增龄对足底动力学的影响。方法 应用鞋垫式压力测试系统比较13名老年男性和14名年轻男性在串联行走时左脚的受压时长、受压支撑百分比、开始受压支撑百分比、结束受压支撑百分比、最大压强、最大压强支撑百分比、平均最大压强、时间压强积分、最大压力、最大压力支撑百分比、平均压力和时间压力积分的差异。结果 老年组除内侧足弓外所有分区的受压时长明显大于年轻组,同时外侧足跟、外侧足弓开始受压支撑百分比明显大于年轻组,而内侧足跟、第2、3跖骨受压结束百分比明显小于年轻组;老年人整个足底最大压力和平均压力以及第2、3跖骨平均最大压强和最大压力明显小于年轻组。老年人整个足底、第4、5跖骨和4个小脚趾的时间压强积分以及整个足底、足跟和4个小脚趾的时间压力积分明显大于年轻组。结论 前后脚串联行走时,足底筋膜机能减退可能是老年人姿势控制能力下降的主要原因之一,趾长屈肌和趾短屈肌的屈趾作用增强对老年人姿势稳定性提高有一定的代偿作用。

    Abstract:

    Objective To compare the differences in plantar kinetics between older male adults and young male adults during walking, and to explore the influences of aging on plantar kinetics. Methods The in-shoe plantar sensory measurement system was used to collect and compare left foot parameters of 13 older men and 14 young men during tandem walk, including contact time, beginning of contact in percentage of roll over process (%ROP), and end of contact in %ROP, peak pressure, instant of peak pressure in %ROP, maximum mean pressure, pressure-time integral, maximum force, instant of maximum force in %ROP, mean force and force-time integral. Results Beside media arch, the contact time on all regions of older men was longer, whereas, the beginning of contact in %ROP on lateral heel, lateral arch was greater, and the end of contact in %ROP on medial heel and 2nd-3rd metatarsal head was smaller compared with young men. The maximum force and mean force on the whole foot region, and the maximum mean pressure and maximum force on 2nd-3rd metatarsal head of older people were significantly lower; the pressure-time integral on the whole foot region, the 4th-5th metatarsal head, the 2nd -5th toes, and the force-time integral on the whole foot region, medial heel, lateral heel and 2nd -5th toes were significantly higher compared with young men. Conclusions During tandem walking, plantar fascia dysfunction might be one of the main reasons for the decline of postural control ability, and the contraction enhancement of flexor digitorum longus and flexor digitorum brevis could compensate for postural stability improvement in older men.

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王少君,苏丽娜,李静先,徐冬青.老年男性和年轻男性行走时足底动力学特征差异[J].医用生物力学,2021,36(2):304-308

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  • 收稿日期:2020-02-18
  • 最后修改日期:2020-04-12
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-04-25
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