不同年龄段人群行走足底压力特征分析
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内蒙古师范大学基金项目(2013ZRYB20)


Analysis on Characteristics of Plantar Pressures in Different Age Groups during Walking
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    摘要:

    目的 获取不同年龄段人群正常行走时足底压力的动力学参数,为设计制作不同年龄段鞋垫和运动鞋提供理论依据,最大程度减小足部发生损伤的风险。方法 使用Footscan测力平板对4个年龄段120名受试者(20~30、30~40、40~50、50~60岁男女各15名)足底压力峰值、压强峰值进行测试。结果 足底压力峰值随着年龄增长不断变化,大部分呈上升趋势,只有在第1趾骨区域随着年龄的增长压力峰值逐渐减小,第1趾骨区域女性足底压力峰值在逐渐减小;大部分受试者第2、4拓骨头受力明显高于第1、5跖骨;50~60岁年龄段男性第2跖骨压力峰值也明显大于20~50岁年龄段人群(P<0.05)。随着年龄增长,仅仅第1趾骨压力峰值逐渐减小,其余区域均呈现增长现象;压强峰值有显著变化,尤其以第2、3跖骨变化最大,呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。结论 人体足底各分区的压力、压强随着年龄增长并非一成不变,找出每个年龄段人群足底压力特点,制定相应的运动鞋,才能更好发挥运动鞋的功能。

    Abstract:

    Objective To obtain kinetic parameters of the plantar pressure in different age groups during normal walking, so as to provide theoretical references for designing insoles and sports shoes for different age groups, and maximally minimize the risk of foot injuries. Methods Footscan force plate was used to test the peak plantar force and pressure of 120 subjects in 4 different age groups (15 male and 15 female in 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60 age group, respectively). Results The peak plantar force constantly changed with age, showing a rising tendency, except that at the first phalanx area, the peak plantar force gradually decreased with age. For female subjects, the peak plantar pressure in the first phalanx area was gradually decreasing. Most subjects had significantly higher force on the 2nd and 4th bones than the 1st and 5th metatarsals. The 2nd metatarsal peak plantar force in male 50-60 age group was also significantly higher than that in male 20-50 age group (P<0.05). Only the peak plantar force of the 1st phalanx gradually decreased with age increasing, and the rest of the plantar region showed an increasing tendency. A significant change in the peak plantar pressure was observed, especially in the 2nd and 3rd metatarsals, which showed a rising tendency (P<0.05). Conclusions The plantar force and pressure on each part of human foot constantly changed with age. To find out the characteristics of plantar pressures in different age groups can help to design corresponding sports shoes and exert the functions of sports shoes in a better way.

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马新颖,满喜.不同年龄段人群行走足底压力特征分析[J].医用生物力学,2020,35(1):108-113

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  • 收稿日期:2018-12-17
  • 最后修改日期:2019-03-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-03-03
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