Rehabilitation technical aids have great significance in improving life quality of people with disability and reducing burdens of care for family and society. Nowadays, the policy, research funding and industrial environment in China all provide a good chance for rehabilitation technical aids research, which has already made great progress. Biomechanics plays an important role in design of rehabilitation technical aids. On the one hand, biomechanics can provide important references for measurement and evaluation on biomechanical characteristics of physical disabilities, so the design of rehabilitation technical aids can meet the requirements of maintaining or improving biomechanical functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities. On the other hand, the biomechanical interaction between human body and rehabilitation technical aids should also be considered carefully during the optimization of design. As an introduction to this special issue on rehabilitation, this paper will briefly review the progress of rehabilitation technical aids research in recent years in China, and then introduce some biomechanical researches in development of rehabilitation technical aids.