目的评价腺病毒介导的人BMP-2基因转染的间充质干细胞对长骨骨干节段性骨缺损的修复效果。方法:36只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为3组,每组12只,采用单侧股骨缺损模型,分别植入下列同系细胞与胶原的复合物:(1)Adv-hBMP-2转染的间充质干细胞;(2)Adv-βgal转染的间充质干细胞;(3)未转染细胞。于术后2、4、6、8周行放射学检查,术后8周的标本行组织学检查及生物力学测试。结果放射学检查显示,Adv-hBMP-2转染组术后2周有明显骨痂形成,术后8周12例骨缺损中有10例愈合,其他2组骨缺损均未愈合,放射学评分低于Adv-hBMP-2转染组,差异有统计学意义。组织学分析表明,Adv-hBMP-2转染组术后8周骨缺损内有丰富的编织骨和板层骨,其他2组无明显骨痂或仅有少量骨形成。生物力学测试显示,Adv-hBMP-2转染组手术侧股骨的弯曲强度是对侧未手术股骨的85%±8%。结论Adv-hBMP-2基因转染的同系大鼠间充质干细胞可修复长骨干节段性骨缺损。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of adenovirus mediated human bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transferred mesenchymal stem cells in the repair of segmental bone defect of long bone. Methods Unilateral rat femoral segmental defect model was used in this study.Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups:(1)Adv-hBMP-2 transduced MSC-collagen mix group; (2)Adv-βgal transduced MSC-collagen mix group; (3) untransduced MSC-collagen mix group. Contracted MSC-collagen mix was implanted in the defect site.The 4×106 cells were transplanted in each rat. Serial radiographs of rat femurs were examined at two, four, six and eight weeks postsurgery.Harvested specimens eight weeks postoperatively underwent histological and biomechanical analysis. Results The defects in group I (MSC/Adv-hBMP-2) appeared bone formation radiographically at two weeks postoperatively and united by eight weeks postoperatively. Histological analysis revealed that the defects in group I were filled with coarsd trabecular bone at eight weeks postoperatively. In those of the two control groups demonstrated little or no bone formation. Biomechanical test demonstrated that bending strength of femurs of the study group was 85%±8% to the opposite unoperated side at eight weeks postoperatively. Conclusion Adenovirus mediated bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene transferred syngeneic mesenchymal stem cells can repair segmental defects of long bones.