Objective To set up an obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) animal model and investigate the effect of the mechanical environment change in pharyngeal cavity on mechanical property of trachea. Method An OSAHS animal model was obtained by culturing Guizhou mini-type pigs in low pressure chamber; the in situ longitudinal stretch ratio, the morphologies of no-load state and zero-stress stateas well as the pressure (p)-volume (V) relationship under different longitudinal stretch ratios of trachea were measured; The zero-pressure compliance describing the mechanical property of trachea was calculated based on the p-V relationship; Compared the obtained data in model pigs with those in control group. Results The OSAHS symptom appeared in the model pigs. Compared with control group, the geometrical sizes of no-load state and zero-stress state in model pigs increases, as same as the zero-pressure compliance under different longitudinal stretch ratios. The ultrastructure of trachea's mucosa of the model pig was significantly remodeled. Conclusion The method to establish the OSAHS animal model is reasonable. The geometrical structure and morphology as well as the mechanical property of trachea remodeled have all changed in this mechanical environment of trachea.