冬季残奥会坐姿高山滑雪选手旗门转弯技术的运动学研究
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1.集美大学 体育学院;2.中国残疾人体育运动管理中心

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Kinematics Study on Gate Turning Technique of Sitting Skiers in Winter Paralympic Alpine Skiing
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1.School of Physical Education,Jimei University,Xiamen;2.China Administration of Sports for Persons with Disabilities

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    摘要:

    目的 探讨冬季残奥会坐姿高山滑雪大回转旗门转弯技术的运动学规律及其对滑行表现的影响。方法 采用无人机拍摄与惯性传感器技术,对11名备战冬季残奥会的坐姿高山滑雪运动员进行运动学数据采集,分析其转弯半径、滑行速度和轨迹长度等技术指标与滑行表现的关系。结果 研究发现,运动员在旗门转弯阶段的最小转弯半径为15.80 ± 3.55 m,转弯半径与滑行时间(r=0.40, p=0.02)和轨迹长度(r=0.88, p<0.01)呈显著正相关;最大滑行速度为16.92 ± 1.60 m/s,与全程滑行时间显著负相关(p<0.01);出弯速度与全程滑行距离也呈显著正相关(p<0.05)。此外,单旗门技术特征(如转弯半径和速度变化)显著反映全程滑行表现。结论 优化转弯半径与减少速度损失是提升滑行效率的关键,单旗门分析为全程技术优化提供了科学依据,为训练和比赛策略设计提供了重要参考。

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    Abstract: Objective This study aims to investigate the kinematic patterns of gate-turning techniques in sitting alpine skiing at the Winter Paralympic Games and their impact on skiing performance. Methods Using drone footage and inertial sensor technology, data were collected from 11 sitting alpine skiing athletes preparing for the Winter Paralympics. Key technical indicators such as turning radius, skiing speed, and trajectory length were analyzed for their relationship with skiing performance. Results The minimum turning radius during gate turns was 15.80 ± 3.55 m, and turning radius showed a significant positive correlation with skiing time (r=0.40, p=0.02) and trajectory length (r=0.88, p<0.01). The maximum skiing speed was 16.92 ± 1.60 m/s, which was strongly negatively correlated with total skiing time (p<0.01). Exit speed was also significantly positively correlated with total skiing distance (p<0.05). Additionally, single-gate technical characteristics, such as turning radius and speed variation, were strongly reflective of overall skiing performance. Conclusion Optimizing turning radius and minimizing speed loss are critical for improving skiing efficiency. Single-gate kinematic analysis provides a scientific basis for overall technique optimization and offers valuable guidance for training and competition strategy design.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-24
  • 最后修改日期:2025-01-22
  • 录用日期:2025-01-24
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