目的 建立颈椎后凸在轴向牵引载荷和横向侧推载荷的作用下的生物力学模型，为颈椎曲度异常的治疗提供理论依据，从而为患者制定最合适的治疗方案。方法 以患者CT扫描数据为基础，提取颈椎中轴线数据，拟合出颈椎弯曲曲线，根据Timoshenko梁原理，使用颈椎康复训练系统，建立起颈椎后凸生物力学模型，对其进行分析研究，获得载荷作用下颈椎恢复曲线以及治愈颈椎后凸所需要的总载荷并验证其合理性。结果 建立了颈椎后凸生物力学模型，在轴向牵引载荷与横向侧推载荷的作用下，颈椎向正常生理性弯曲方向有效发展，得到轴向载荷与横向载荷的总作用力大小分别为353N与5 649N，且总轴向载荷的大小随着牵引角度的增大而增大，总横向载荷的治疗力矩随着Bordon值的增大而减小，轴向载荷的治疗力矩在正常Bordon值范围内小于横向载荷的治疗力矩，验证了载荷的合理性。结论 所建立颈椎后凸生物力学模型能够正确模拟颈椎的生物力学行为特性,分析结果具有有效性，为患者的治疗方案设计提供力学理论依据。

Objective To establish a biomechanical model of cervical kyphosis under the effects of axial traction load and lateral push load, providing a theoretical basis for the treatment of cervical curvature abnormalities, thereby formulating the most appropriate treatment plan for patients. Methods Based on the CT scan data of patients, the axial data of the cervical spine was extracted to fit the cervical curvature curve. Using the Timoshenko beam theory and the cervical rehabilitation training system, a mathematical model of cervical kyphosis was established for analytical calculations to obtain the recovery curve of the cervical spine under load and the total load required to cure cervical kyphosis, verifying its rationality. Results A biomechanical model of cervical kyphosis was established, showing that under the effects of axial traction load and lateral push load, the cervical spine effectively developed in the direction of physiological bending. The total axial load and lateral load were found to be 353N and 5 649N, respectively, and the magnitude of the total axial load increased with the increase in traction angle. The therapeutic moment of the total lateral load decreases as the Bordon value increases. The therapeutic moment of the axial load is less than that of the lateral load in the range of normal Bordon value, confirming the rationality of the loads. Conclusions The established biomechanical model of cervical kyphosis can accurately simulate the biomechanical behavior characteristics of the cervical spine, and the analysis results are valid, providing a mechanical theoretical basis for the design of treatment plans for patients.