目的 建立并验证一种基于生物力学中骨肌活动度的人体舒适度评价方法。方法 首先分析目前基于生物力学的舒适度评价方法的不足；其次提出基于骨肌活动度的人体舒适度评价方法，综合考虑肌肉、关节对舒适度的影响，得出舒适度指数；最后选取消防员卷水带作业进行验证。结果 改进后的基于骨肌活动度评价方法的舒适度指数为0.74，小于基于肌肉活动度舒适度情况下的舒适度指数0.82，验证结果与理论分析一致。通过对43名消防员的问卷调查，收集的主观感受与验证结果一致，进一步证明前者方法更加全面精确。结论 结合肌肉和骨骼情况的舒适度评价方法，更符合人体实际情况，相较于仅考虑肌肉的舒适性评价方法，更易揭示潜在的生物力学风险，具有更大的现实意义。

Objective To establish and validate a human comfort evaluation method based on musculoskeletal activity in biomechanics. Methods Firstly, the limitations of current biomechanical-based comfort evaluation methods were analyzed. Secondly, a new evaluation method based on musculoskeletal activity was proposed, which considered? the influence of muscle and joint on comfort, resulting in a comfort index. Finally, the firefighter hose-rolling task was selected for verification. Results The comfort index derived from the improved musculoskeletal activity-based evaluation method was 0.74, which was lower than the comfort index of 0.82 obtained from the comfort based on muscle activity. The verification results align with the theoretical analysis. A questionnaire survey conducted on 43 firefighters showed that the subjective assessments gathered are consistent with the verification outcomes, further confirming the conclusion that the former method is more comprehensive and accurate. Conclusions The comfort evaluation method that integrated both muscle and joint conditions better reflects the actual conditions of the human body. Compared to methods that focus solely on muscle, this approach was more effective at revealing potential biomechanical risks and had greater practical significance.