Objective: To provide theoretical guidance for clinical applications by analyzing the biomechanical performance of Ilizarov fixators with identical transosseous elements but differing configurations in the treatment of humeral shaft defects.Methods: Based on humeral CT data from a healthy volunteer, three fixation models were established: Model A (consisting of a proximal and distal half ring along with two full rings connected by three threaded rods), Model B (with four half rings connected by four threaded rods), and Model C (comprising four quarter rings and five threaded rods). Axial compression, tension, torsion, and four-point bending tests were conducted using ANSYS Workbench 21.0, and each model"s stability was further evaluated using a biomechanical testing machine.Results: 1. Finite Element Analysis: In terms of displacement, Model C demonstrated significant superiority under simulated conditions, displaying the lowest tensile, compressive, and torsional displacement values. Regarding stress, Model