年龄对人体在不同方向转弯时身体动态稳定性的影响
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1.山东体育学院研究生教育学院;2.上海财经大学金融学院;3.山东省体育科学研究中心

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The Influence of Age on Body Dynamic Stability during Different Directions Turning
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1.Graduate School, Shandong Sport University;2.The Shanghai University of Finance and Economics School of Finance;3.Shandong Sports Science Research Center

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    摘要:

    目的:描述完成不同方向连续转弯行走时老年人与青年人身体动态稳定性差异,为老年人连续转弯时预防跌倒提供理论依据。方法:使用三维动作捕捉系统采集15名健康老年人和15名青年人在逆时针和顺时针两方向8字转向行走时的身体43个标记点的运动学数据,使用V3D软件提取人体步态和质心速度等数据,再计算特征时刻人体向前和内侧方向的动态稳度数值。结果:与顺时针转弯相比,青年人在逆时针转弯时内侧腿步宽显著增大(青年人顺时针转弯:0.15±0.03倍身高,青年人逆时针转弯:0.17±0.02倍身高,老年人顺时针转弯:0.16±0.02倍身高,老年人逆时针转弯:0.15±0.02倍身高),内侧腿足尖离地时刻向前的动态稳度显著减小(青年人顺时针转弯:-0.78±2.64cm,青年人逆时针转弯:-2.19±2.22cm,老年人顺时针转弯:-1.15±3.12cm,老年人逆时针转弯:-0.48±3.42cm),而老年人以上指标无显著差异。结论:年龄和转弯方向会同时影响内侧腿足尖离地时刻身体向前的动态稳定性。与青年人不同,健康老年人在转弯行走时采取更谨慎的策略,以保持身体的向前和向内的动态稳定性,建议老年人日常生活中增加连续转向行走锻炼,从而提高侧向稳定控制能力及自信心。

    Abstract:

    Purpose: This study aims to describe the different characteristics of dynamic stability characteristics between older adults and young adults during continuous turning walking in different directions. Methods: Fifteen healthy older adults and fifteen healthy young adults were recruited to finish continuous eight-shaped clockwise and counterclock turning. Three-dimensional motion capture system was used to collect kinematics data based on 43 bone markers. Gait and center of mass velocity parameters were proceeded by V3D software. Margin of stability in the forward and medial at foot contact and lift-off were analyzed. Results: Compared with clockwise turning, step width of the inner leg was increased(Clockwise turn for young adults: 0.15 ± 0.03 body height, counterclockwise turn for young adults: 0.17 ± 0.02 body height, clockwise turn for older adults: 0.16 ± 0.02 body height, counterclockwise turn for older adults: 0.15 ± 0.02 body height), and margin of stability in the forward direction at inner leg toe-off instant was decreased during counterclockwise turning in young adults(Clockwise turn for young adults: -0.78±2.64 cm, counterclockwise turn for young adults: -2.19±2.22 cm, clockwise turn for older adults: -1.15±3.12 cm, counterclockwise turn for older adults: -0.48±3.42 cm), whereas there were no significant differences in older adults. Conclusions: Step width of the inner leg and forward dynamic stability were influenced by age and turning direction simultaneously. More cautious strategies was adopted by healthy older adults to maintain anterior and medial stability during continuous turning walking. It is suggested that older adults should increase turning training in daily life, to improve medial-lateral control ability and confidence of turning.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08
  • 最后修改日期:2024-06-17
  • 录用日期:2024-06-19
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