桡骨远端骨折夹板外固定的骨折缝应力预测
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1.内蒙古工业大学;2.内蒙古自治区人民医院

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Prediction of fracture suture stress in small splint fixation of distal radius fractures
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    摘要:

    目的:运用静力学分析、试验设计法以及布谷鸟-支持向量机预测建立关于C1-1、C2-1、C3-1型桡骨远端骨折夹板固定不同厚度压垫下骨折缝载荷关系的数学模型。方法:主要利用软件Workbench和MATLAB,包括三维实体模型建模、力学分析、试验设计、预测模型建立共四步。在CT影像中获得前臂中的各个组织的形状建立对应的立体模型,进行降噪,装配等过程实现建模;通过workbench根据实验测定的载荷数据对模型进行施加载荷来获得一种情况下的骨组织力学情况;再通过试验设计法将模拟多种情况施加载荷的骨组织力学情况;最后通过布谷鸟改进支持向量机回归预测,获得关于各个骨折类型的数学模型。结果:通过上述工作得出,对B曲面划分的12个压垫固定位置施加载荷,通过试验设计法对460个样本在Workbench中DOE模块中进行求解,460个样本中随机抽取400个作为训练集得到的数学模型,用剩余60个样本作为测试集与数学模型预测结果进行对比。即可建立高精度的有关夹板固定中压垫的固定位置上不同载荷对骨折缝处载荷情况的数学模型。讨论:通过已知不同位置压垫不同厚度的力学作用对骨折缝应力的预测,且预测值与仿真值进行对比模型预测精度最高达到99.659%,最低达到95.653%。从精度上分析,压垫载荷大小与骨折缝处载荷存在模糊的数学关系,即支持向量机预测模型有效。通过研究压垫固定作用方式和压垫固定力大小对骨折缝的影响有利于传统固定夹板与现代科学技术相结合,为桡骨远端骨折外固定器械设计更新提供参考依据。

    Abstract:

    Objective: To establish a mathematical model of fracture seam load relationship of C1-1, C2-1, C3-1 distal radius fractures fixed by splinting with different thickness pads by using static analysis, experimental design and cuckoo support vector machine prediction. Methods: The software Workbench and MATLAB were mainly used, including three dimensional solid model modeling, mechanical analysis, experimental design, and prediction model establishment. The shape of each tissue in the forearm was obtained from the CT image to establish the corresponding stereo model, noise reduction, assembly and other processes to achieve modeling. The mechanical situation of bone tissue under a condition was obtained by applying load to the model according to the load data measured by the workbench. Then through the experimental design method, the mechanical conditions of bone tissue under various conditions of applied load are simulated. Finally, support vector machine regression prediction is improved by cuckoo to obtain mathematical models for each fracture type. Results: Through the above work, the load is applied to the fixed position of 12 pressure pads divided by the B surface, and 460 samples are solved in the DOE module in the Workbench by the design of experiment method, and 400 of the 460 samples are randomly selected as the training set to obtain the mathematical model. The remaining 60 samples were used as the test set to compare with the prediction results of the mathematical model. It can establish a high-precision mathematical model about the load of different loads on the fracture seam at the fixed position of the splint fixed medium pressure pad. Conclusion: It is known that the mechanical effects of different thicknesses of the pressure pad at different positions are used to predict the stress of the fracture seam, and the prediction value is compared with the simulation value. The prediction accuracy of the model is 99.659%, and the lowest is 95.653%. From the accuracy analysis, there is a fuzzy mathematical relationship between the load of the pad and the load at the fracture seam, that is, the support vector machine prediction model is effective. The study of the effect of the pressure pad fixation mode and the effect of the pressure pad fixation force on the fracture seam is conducive to the combination of traditional fixation splinting and modern science and technology, and provides a reference for the design and update of external fixation equipment for distal radius fractures.

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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-14
  • 最后修改日期:2023-03-22
  • 录用日期:2023-03-24
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