Objective To study the age and gender characteristics for static and dynamic posture control ability (PCA) of 4-6 years old children, analyze the contribution rate of each sensor to PCA. Methods A total of 100 children were tested for static and dynamic PCA. The differences in PCA of two single legs were analyzed by the independent sample t-test. The effects of age × gender and four standing conditions (with eyes open/closed on solid ground, with eyes open/closed on mat) on PCA were analyzed by ANOVA. Results There was a very significant difference in static PCA of two single legs for 4-6 years old children standing with eyes open on hard ground (P<0.01), and the static PCA was 6-year old age group>5-year old age group>4-year old age group. The main effect of standing time under four standing conditions was very significant (P<0.01), the sum of the contribution rates of each receptor was greater than 100%, and the contribution rates were vestibular sensation>vision>proprioception. The dynamic PCA of 6-year old age group was significantly better than that of 4-year old age group and 5-year old age group. Conclusions The static PCA of 46 years old children showed the differences in dominant leg and non-dominant leg. The dynamic and static PCA increased with age, and the development speed of the vestibular sensory system in 6-year old girls was faster than that in 6-year old boys. The body maintains posture control through complex integration of vision, proprioception, vestibular perception and so on, and vestibular sense plays a major role, followed by vision and proprioception.