Objective In order to solve the problem of poor accuracy of the numerical solution of the traditional finite element method (FEM) in the numerical analysis of the piezoelectric effect of bone remodelling, an edge-based smoothed FEM (ES-FEM) is proposed in this paper. Methods The bone model was discretized by triangular element, and the smooth domain was constructed based on the edges of the existing mesh element. Based on the gradient smoothing technique, the smooth strain gradient and the smooth electric field gradient are obtained, and the discrete equations of the system are constructed under the framework of the smooth galerkin weak form. Results The changes of bone mineral density and the electric potential in the process of bone remodelling were reflected by using the above model, but compared with FEM, ES-FEM can improve the accuracy of bone remodelling simulation results to a certain extent. Conclusions The ES-FEM can simulate the process of bone remodelling more accurately. The accurate prediction of piezoelectric effect of bone reconstruction by this method provides an effective theoretical basis for clinical research of bone diseases.