短跑竞赛服涡流发生器气动减阻性能评价的数值模拟研究
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国家重点研发计划(2020YFF0304601),企业横向合作课题(BSU20200468)


Numerical Simulation on Aerodynamic Drag Reduction Evaluation of Vortex Generators Designed for Sprint Garment
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    摘要:

    目的 研究前向楔形涡流发生器周向分布角度对圆柱减阻效果的影响,为设计短跑运动员减阻竞赛服提供理论依据。方法 根据NIKE公司AeroBlade减阻贴片构建出前向楔形涡流发生器。基于运动员肢体可简化为不同直径圆柱开展竞赛服减阻研究的假设,将48个前向楔形涡流发生器均匀分布为4列,在圆柱迎风面两侧关于YOZ平面对称均匀粘贴。采用多面体网格离散光滑和表面修饰圆柱的计算域,大涡模拟空气以短跑运动员平均跑动速度32 km/h流过圆柱时的阻力和流场变化、压强分布。结果 两列涡流发生器以10°或15°间隔周向布置在55°~75°范围内时减阻效果较好,主要通过改变圆柱背风区的压强分布以降低其所受压差阻力实现,其减阻机制是流体吹过圆柱表面的前向楔形涡流发生器后在其下游产生微涡,加速尾迹区流动向临界流动转捩,从而有效降低圆柱所受的阻力。结论 以合适周向角度布置的前向楔形涡流发生器可以有效降低圆柱所受的空气阻力。研究结果可用于指导风洞试验和短跑减阻竞赛服设计。

    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate the effect from circumferential distribution angle of forwards wedge vortex generators on aerodynamic drag reduction during flow around a cylinder, so as to provide theoretical evidences for low drag sprint garment design. Methods Forwards wedge vortex generators were reconstructed based on the NIKE’s AeroBalde. Given that the individual parts of an athlete body can be treated as multiple cylinders with varied dimensions and positions, 48 forwards wedge vortex generators were distributed as four columns on windward side of the cylinder, which were symmetrical with the YOZ plane. When the air flowed through the cylinder at the speed of 32 km/h, large eddy simulation was carried out on the computational domains which were properly meshed with polyhedral mesh to investigate the drag force, flow filed and pressure distributions. Results It was effective for drag reduction of the cylinder induced by airflow when two columns of forwards wedge vortex generators were circumferential distributed in the range of 55°-75°and the circumferential internal angle between two columns was in the range of 10° or 15°. The pressure distribution on leeward side of the cylinder was apparently changed after surface modification, which minimized the pressure drag dominant in aerodynamic drag. The drag reduction mechanism was that micro-vortices were generated downstream after flow through the forwards wedge vortex generators, which resulted in an early transition to critical flow with low drag force. Conclusions Effective aerodynamic drag reduction is achieved if forwards wedge vortex generators are properly distributed. The research findings can provide guidance for wind tunnel test and low drag sprint garment design.

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徐瑞娜,穆雪莲,王颖,蒋代彬,吴海军.短跑竞赛服涡流发生器气动减阻性能评价的数值模拟研究[J].医用生物力学,2021,36(4):528-533

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-30
  • 最后修改日期:2021-05-08
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-08-23
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