着鞋类型和步速对膝关节载荷的影响
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1.聊城大学体育学院;2.陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院;3.上海健康医学院康复学院;4.井冈山大学;5.上海体育学院

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Effect of Shoe Types and Walking Speed on the Knee Joint Loads
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    摘要:

    研究目的:探讨裸足、着不同鞋子采用常速或者快步走时,鞋子与速度对膝关节内收力矩等生物力学指标的影响,为科学健身提供理论参考。研究方法:采用Vicon三维运动捕捉系统(200Hz)、三维测力台(1000HZ)同步采集10名男性在裸足、着不同鞋子常速行走与快步走时下肢运动生物力学指标。使用Visual3D对所采集的数据进行数据处理。采用双因素(2种动作×3种着鞋状态)重复测量方差分析对各个指标进行统计分析。研究结果:相对于快步走,常速行走时足底压力中心(COP)向外偏移较大(P<0.05),额状面膝关节力臂、膝关节内收外力矩和第一峰值负载率均较小(P<0.05),但额状面膝关节冲量矩较大(P<0.05);相对于着普通跑鞋,裸足或着极简鞋时,COP向外偏移较大(P<0.05),额状面膝关节力臂、膝关节内收外力矩、第一峰值负载率和额状面膝关节冲量矩较小(P<0.05)。研究结论: 从降低额状面膝关节冲量矩以及峰值负载率出发,建议采用裸足以前足触地模式进行快步走锻炼;对于不适于裸足的,建议采用小步幅着极简鞋以前足触地模式进行快步走锻炼。

    Abstract:

    Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanics effects of shoes type and walking speed on the knee when walking at a different speed and wearing different shoes or barefoot, and to provide a theoretical reference for scientific fitness. Methods: Vicon nexus motion capture system (200 Hz) and Kistler force plate (1000 Hz) was used to collect lower limb kinematics and ground reaction force simultaneously from 10 subjects during walking at different speed and wearing different shoes. Visual3D was used for inverse dynamics calculation. Two-way (2 movements × 3 shoe conditions) repeated measures analysis of variance was used to statistically analyze each dependent variables. Results: Compared with jogging, the lateral excursion of plantar pressure center (COP) was greater (P < 0.05), the knee joint moment arm in frontal plane, the knee adduction moment and peak loading rate of knee joint were smaller (P < 0.05), but the angular impulse of knee joint in frontal plane was greater (P < 0.05); compared with ordinary running shoes, the lateral excursion of COP was greater (P < 0.05), and the knee joint moment arm in frontal knee joint, the knee adduction moment, the peak load rate and the knee adduction moment-time integral were smaller (P < 0.05). The results showed that the risk of knee injury was the least when barefoot jogging was performed in forefoot strike mode. In other hand, Minimalist shoes was recommended to the walkers who are not suitable for barefoot jogging.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-10-17
  • 最后修改日期:2020-12-24
  • 录用日期:2020-12-30
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