基于表面肌电分析老年人负重跨障行走跌倒风险
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天津市科技支撑计划资助项目(14ZCDSY00010);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(16JCZDJC35900)


Fall Risk Analysis of Elderly People with Different Load Distributions during Obstacle Crossing Based on Surface Electromyography
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    摘要:

    目的 研究老年人在手部不同负重分布条件下跨越障碍物时导致跌倒风险性增加的因素,并探讨预防老年人在负重跨障时跌倒的步态策略。方法 12名老年人和12名青年人(对照组)以日常行走步速在不同负重分布方式下进行跨越障碍物和无障碍物行走任务,采集股外侧肌、股直肌和股内侧肌双侧的表面肌电信号,进行平均肌电值分析对比,同时记录受试者跨越障碍时触碰障碍物的情况。结果 年龄、负重及跨障因素均对老年人下肢肌肉的活动水平产生显著影响。1 152次跨障试验中共发生9次触障事件。另外,老年人和青年人在完成负重和跨障任务时右股内侧肌的肌肉贡献量最大。结论 老年人在负重物均匀分布下利用腿部优势侧率先跨障的情况下跌倒的风险性最低。研究结果为系统评估老年人跌倒风险提供参考,对老年人针对性下肢运动锻炼或康复训练具有一定的指导意义。

    Abstract:

    Objective To study the factors leading to the increased risk of falls when the elderly cross obstacles with different load distributions in their hands, and to explore the gait strategies to prevent falls for elderly people with different load distributions during obstacle crossing. Methods Twelve young healthy (control group) and 12 elderly healthy participants performed walking tasks with or without obstacle crossing at their daily speed under different load distributions. Surface electromyography (sEMG) signals were collected from both sides of the lateral femoris, rectus femoris and medial femoris. Then the average sEMG was analyzed and compared. The numbers of contact incident during obstacle touching were also recorded. Results Age, weight carrying and obstacle all had significant influences on the activity level of lower limb muscles in elderly people. A total of 9 contact incidents occurred in 1 152 obstacle crossing tests. In addition, the contribution of right vastus medialis muscle was the greatest in the elderly and young adults when they completed the weight carrying and obstacle crossing tasks. Conclusions The elderly people had the lowest risk of falling down by taking advantage of the dominant side of the leg to take the lead in obstacle crossing under the uniform distributions of load. The research findings provide references for systematic assessment of fall risk in the elderly and have certain guiding significance for lower limb exercise or rehabilitation training in the elderly.

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王新亭,伊国富,张峻霞,苏海龙,任建平,邱念.基于表面肌电分析老年人负重跨障行走跌倒风险[J].医用生物力学,2020,35(5):615-621

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  • 收稿日期:2019-11-11
  • 最后修改日期:2019-12-17
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-10-23
  • 出版日期: 2020-10-01
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