微小型无人机失坠对人体头部损伤性分析
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西北工业大学 航空学院

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Damage analysis of micro-miniature UAV on human head
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School of Aeronautics,University of Northwestern Polytechnical

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    摘要:

    目的 针对近些年来微小型无人机失控和各种事故的不断,为了评估微小型无人机由于意外失控坠落对人体特别是头部造成的伤害性。方法 通过对人体生物组织性能参数的文献研究,并基于这些数据,采用ABAQUS动力学数值仿真分析,对人体头-颈部通过质量-弹簧系统建模简化,头部以实际头皮板质细节建模,取总重为6 kg,以不同几何形状简化的无人机自由下落撞击人体头部,分析下落撞击对人体头部的损伤程度。结果 重量为0.5 kg,从10 m落下的无人机,简化圆盘撞击AIS值为1.04,圆球形和锥形的AIS值为1.95和2.48。结论 若几何形状相同,坠落撞击人体头部时,质量和坠落高度增加,头部冲击加速度和AIS分值线性增加。 无人机简化为圆盘时,AIS值可拟合为一次函数( );无人机以不同角度撞击人体头部时,无人机简化为圆盘,撞击加速度和AIS分值最小,损伤程度最小;若简化为圆球形和锥形,冲击加速度和AIS值差别较小,但损伤度较大,这需在人体损害救护和紧急处理时予以重视。

    Abstract:

    Objective In view of the loss of control of micro-miniature unmanned aerial vehicles and various accidents in recent years, in order to evaluate the damage caused by accidental uncontrolled fall of the micro-miniature unmanned aerial vehicles to the human body, especially the head. Methods The ABAQUS dynamics numerical simulation analysis firstly simplifies the modeling of the human head and neck through the mass-spring system, based on the existing human biological tissue performance parameters. I model the human head through the scalp slab details, and then select the total weight of 6 kg. The unmanned aerial vehicles simplified by different geometries are free to fall and hit the human head, and I analyze the degree of damage caused by the falling impact on the human head. Results For the unmanned aerial vehicles falling from 10 m with a weight of 0.5 kg, the AIS values of the simplified disc impact were 1.04, and the AIS values of the spherical and conical were 1.95 and 2.48. Conclusions When the unmanned aerial vehicle with the same geometry hits the human head, the mass and the fall height increase, and the head impact acceleration and the AIS values increase linearly. When the unmanned aerial vehicles is simplified to a disk, AIS values can be fitted as a first-order function( ). When the unmanned aerial vehicles hits the human head at different angles, the unmanned aerial vehicles simplified into a disc has the smallest impact acceleration and AIS values and minimal damage. If the unmanned aerial vehicles simplified into a sphere and a cone, the impact acceleration and AIS values are less different, but the damage degree is large, which should be paid attention to in the rescue and emergency treatment of human damage.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-06-18
  • 最后修改日期:2019-09-09
  • 录用日期:2019-10-17
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