中枢神经发育与成熟过程中，生物力学因素长期以来并未受高度重视。近年来大量研究显示，力学环境等物理因素对神经细胞定向迁移、分化和成熟以及细胞间相互作用具有重要的影响作用。力学因素对脑和脊髓结构和功能的实现具有举足轻重的作用。简要回顾中枢神经发育过程中，神经细胞感受、寻路、调控以及网络塑形中的生物力学作用，并扼要介绍静态和动态力学对神经细胞力学-生物学反应，为未来重建修复中枢神经提供思路。

In the process of central nervous system (CNS) development and maturation, the biomechanical factors have not been highly valued for a long time. In recent years, a large number of studies have shown that mechanical environment strongly affects the migration, differentiation and maturation of nerve cells, as well as the cell-cell interactions. Mechanical factors play an important role in realization of the structure and function of the brain and spinal cord. This review briefly summarized the role of biomechanics in CNS perception, path-finding, regulation and network shaping during CNS development. The effects of static and dynamic mechanics on mechanobiological response of nerve cells were also introduced, hoping to provide some ideas for CNS reconstruction and repair in future.

国家科技重点研发计划（2016YFC1101500），国家自然科学基金项目（11672332），天津市科技支撑计划重点项目（17YFZCSY00620，15JCYBJC28600）