The eukaryotic cytoskeleton is composed of three basic types of filaments and their associated proteins. Itfunctions not only to maintain cell shape, segregate cellular components and form organelles, but also plays important rolein the movement of cells, signals transduction, solute transportation, cell growth, differentiation and the regulation ofgenes expression. The cytoskeleton is sensitive to gravitational changes and can be altered when exposed to themicrogravity. Microgravity can induce changes in the cytoskeleton and affect cell growth, differentiation,mechanotransduction? as well as cell metabolism.