Objective: To reveal the biomechanical remodeling of the aorta and the relationship between the remodeling and hyperglycemia and hypertension in strepozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods: The animal model of diabetes with and without hypertension were made on SHR (SHRDM group) and SD(SDDM group) rats respectively by injection of streptozotocin to study the compliance and elastic modulus of their abdominal aorta(AA)in vivo. Results: The compliance of AA decreased from the time of four weeks of diabetes. From the fourth week Ep, Er and Einc of AA began to increase and the increase was enhanced with the progression of disease in SHRDM group and the eighth week in SDDM group. The increase of Ep, Er and Einc in SHRDM group was greater that in SDDM. Conclusionst Compliance was the first to change among the mechanical parameters and can be taken as a sensitive index to evaluate vascular function. Both hyperglycemia and hypertension could increase Ep, and the effect of the former was greater.